filename     : p_Koc98
entry        : inproceedings
pages        : C295-C302
year         : 1998
title        : Emotion Editing using Finite Elements
author       : Rolf M. Koch and Markus H. Gross, Albert A. Bosshard
booktitle    : Proceedings of the Eurographics '98 (Lisbon, Portugal, September 2-4, 1998), COMPUTER GRAPHICS Forum, Conference Issue
volume       : 17
number       : 3
editor       : N. Ferreira and M. Göbel
publisher    : Blackwell Publishers
language     : English
month        : September
keywords     : finite element method, facial animation
abstract     : 
This paper describes the prototype of a facial expression editor. In contrast 
to existing systems the presented editor takes advantage of both medical data 
for the simulation and the consideration of facial anatomy during the definition 
of muscle groups. The C1-continuous geometry and the high degree of abstraction 
for the expression editing sets this system apart from others. Using finite 
elements we achieve a better precision in comparison to particle systems. 
Furthermore, a precomputing of facial action units enables us to compose facial 
expressions by a superposition of facial action geometries in real-time. The 
presented model is based on a generic facial model using a thin plate and 
membrane approach for the surface and elastic springs for facial tissue modeling. 
It has been used successfully for performing facial surgery simulation. We 
illustrate features of our system with examples from the Visible Human Dataset.