filename     : Ang08.pdf
entry        : inproceedings
conference   : Pacific Graphics 2008, Oct. 8-10, Tokyo, Japan
pages        : 1895 -- 1900
year         : 2008
month        : October
title        : Robust and Efficient Wave Simulations on Deforming Meshes
subtitle     :
author       : Roland Angst and Nils Th\"{u}rey and Mario Botsch and Markus Gross
booktitle	 : Computer Graphics Forum
ISSN/ISBN	 : 0167-7055
publisher    : Blackwell Publishing
publ.place   : 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA
volume       : 27
issue        : 7
editor       : Takeo Igarashi and Nelson Max and Francois Sillion
language     : english
keywords     : Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism, Animation
abstract     : The goal of this paper is to enable the interactive simulation of phenomena such as animated fluid characters. 
While full 3D fluid solvers achieve this with control algorithms, these 3D simulations are usually too costly for 
real-time environments. In order to achieve our goal, we reduce the problem from a three- to a two-dimensional 
one, and make use of the shallow water equations to simulate surface waves that can be solved very efficiently. In 
addition to a low runtime cost, stability is likewise crucial for interactive applications. Hence, we make use of an 
implicit time integration scheme to obtain a robust solver. To ensure a low energy dissipation, we apply an Implicit 
Newmark time integration scheme. We propose a general formulation of the underlying equations that is tailored 
towards the use with an Implicit Newmark integrator. Furthermore, we gain efficiency by making use of a direct 
solver. Due to the generality of our formulation, the fluid simulation can be coupled interactively with arbitrary 
external forces, such as forces caused by inertia or collisions. We will discuss the properties of our algorithm, and 
demonstrate its robustness with simulations on strongly deforming meshes.